Climate change continues to escalate, posing increasingly severe risks with every moment of inaction. At the same time, our global economy—driven by interconnected markets, emerging economies, and rapid technological advancement—continues to expand. This growth, while vital for development, places ever-greater pressure on the planet’s ability to sustain us. The central challenge, therefore, is how to integrate effective climate action with ongoing economic growth, job creation, and income generation.
My project investigates carbon markets and carbon pricing as tools for bridging this gap. I analyze several case studies of countries that have successfully implemented carbon markets or carbon trading systems, identifying the factors that contribute to their success. Why are certain countries willing to adopt these mechanisms while others are hesitant? What incentives or conditions could encourage wider global participation?
More critically, I explore the extent to which carbon markets have actually contributed to emissions reductions—using this as a key measure of policy success. I also examine whether there is a measurable relationship between carbon market participation, economic growth, and emissions reduction outcomes.
The findings from these questions can offer insight into how climate action can operate alongside—rather than in opposition to—economic competitiveness, market-driven development, and capitalist systems. Ultimately, this research aims to clarify how carbon pricing mechanisms can help align global climate goals with sustainable economic progress.